Discovering Saudi Arabia: A Timeless Odyssey Through History & Progress
By: Taha Sakr
Nestled in the heart of the Arabian Peninsula, Saudi Arabia stands as a testament to the intertwining of past and present. Its rich history, dating back to the oldest civilizations in the region, has shaped a nation that is now a vital center of commerce, a custodian of Islamic heritage, and a beacon of progress.
Here, Leaders MENA will illuminate a remarkable journey within the captivating scenes of Saudi Arabia’s past and the remarkable transformations it has undergone in the present.
*Unification and Restoration: *
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia emerged from the tenacious efforts of King Abdulaziz Al Saud, who successfully recaptured Riyadh and embarked on the arduous task of unifying the nation for the third time. The early decades witnessed tireless campaigns aimed at restoring stability, settling tribes, and achieving significant civilizational milestones, laying the foundation for a unified and prosperous Saudi Arabia.
*Adoption of a New Identity:*
On September 23, 1351 AH / 1932 AD, Saudi Arabia was officially declared an Islamic state, adopting Arabic as its national language and the Holy Qur’an as its constitution. This historic occasion, celebrated every year as the revered Kingdom’s National Day, engraved Saudi Arabia’s identity as a nation deeply rooted in its religious and cultural heritage.
*Economic Acceleration and Technological Leap:*
The Kingdom’s economic growth gained momentum with the emergence of oil and mineral extraction industries, fostering international trade relations. Simultaneously, a thriving internal trade movement and the infusion of global technologies propelled Saudi Arabia to the forefront of modernity, balancing tradition and progress.
*Preservation of Heritage and Modern Flourishing:*
Saudi Arabia showcases an impressive blend of the old and the new, where timeless traditions coexist harmoniously with cutting-edge advancements. The Kingdom prides itself on preserving its historical character while embracing state-of-the-art infrastructure, technologies, and significant investments in people, infrastructure, and environmental conservation, serving as testaments to the nation’s commitment to sustainable progress.
*A Desert Transformed:*
Saudi Arabia’s cities and villages have been safeguarded against desertification, while international cities seamlessly blend modern elements with historical allure. The Kingdom’s unwavering dedication to preserving its cultural heritage has resulted in unique destinations captivating both residents and visitors alike.
Saudi Arabia, a land bridging the past and the present, stands as a shining example of progress and development, from ancient civilizations to modern metropolises. Today, the Kingdom’s people and leadership exhibit great dynamism through Vision 2030, a transformative national program.
*Custodianship of Holy Places:*
A primary objective of the Saudi state is ensuring the utmost service and care for the Islamic Holy Places, with meticulous attention to the Two Holy Mosques. Advances and improvements made under Saudi rule, including excavations, tunnels, roads, and expanded pilgrim routes across the Kingdom, reflect the nation’s commitment to upholding its responsibilities.
*Sacred Mosque Significance:*
The Sacred Mosque holds immense significance in Islamic beliefs, with good deeds multiplied within its premises. Negative actions within the Great Mosque of Mecca carry severe consequences, emphasizing the importance of respecting its sanctity.
*Preservation of Kaaba:*
The honorable Kaaba, a focal point within the Sacred Mosque, has been safeguarded by Allah (God) from malevolent intentions. Historical events, such as Abraha Al-Ashram’s defeat by Al-Ababil birds, attest to the sanctity and protection of the Kaaba.
*Commitment to Holy Places:*
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia remains committed to upholding its responsibilities towards the Islamic Holy Places, ensuring their preservation and development for the benefit of pilgrims.
*Significance of Qiblah:*
Allah prohibits facing the revered Kaaba without a barrier while relieving oneself, signifying the sanctity of the Qiblah and reverence for the Kaaba, serving as the Qiblah for Muslims during their pilgrimage to Hajj.
*Saudi National Day:*
To comprehend the significance of Saudi National Day, it is essential to consider the political situation in the Arabian Peninsula before the establishment of the first Saudi state. The dominance of the Ottoman Empire and its control over the peninsula for four centuries created a fragmented region.
*Political Landscape Before the First Saudi State:*
Before the first Saudi state’s establishment, the Arabian Peninsula was characterized by tribal governance, conflicts, and the influence of the Ottoman Empire. Different regions had conflicting families vying for control, leading to social, religious, and economic adversity.
*Role of Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab:*
Sheikh Muhammad bin Abdul Wahhab emerged as a reformer, addressing heresies and promoting unity. The establishment of the first Saudi state in 1139 AH (1727 AD) by Muhammad bin Saud aimed at unifying the region and overcoming Ottoman influence.
*National Day Celebration:*
Today, Saudi Arabia celebrates the National Day for the Unification of the Kingdom on September 23. This day marks the royal decree by King Abdul Aziz in 1932, unifying all parts of the modern state. Celebrations include traditional festivals, folkloric dances, cultural activities, and events showcasing the Kingdom’s heritage.
*Theme “We Dream, We Achieve”:*
This year’s National Day celebration, themed “We Dream, We Achieve,” reflects the Kingdom’s commitment to extensive development projects, showcasing progress and advancement.
*Legacy of King Abdulaziz Al Saud:*
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s establishment resulted from King Abdulaziz Al Saud’s 30-year struggle, starting from his control of Riyadh in 1902. The National Day is an opportunity to commemorate this journey, and celebrations span several days throughout the Kingdom.
